BuyVM Block Storage 存储块挂载数据盘挂载磁盘挂载方法

进入 Storage Volumes 后台，将 Block Storage 附加到（Attached To） 对应的VPS

1）挂载到系统之前，先用fdisk -l  命令查看磁盘的基本信息，执行命令后，信息如下：

[root@prtg ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x508858de
Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *        2048 19920511 19918464  9.5G 83 Linux
/dev/vda2       19920512 20969087  1048576  512M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sda: 256 GiB, 274877906944 bytes, 536870912 sectors   #这里可以看到256G的硬盘
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2）先对对新添加的磁盘进行分区

使用命令分区：fdisk /dev/sda   （默认添加的存储块的磁盘信息是/dev/sda）

[root@prtg ~]#  fdisk /dev/sda   #分区命令
 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
 
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb12d8bec.
 
Command (m for help): n   #这里输入n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 2
First sector (2048-536870911, default 2048): 2048    #这里就默认即可
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-536870911, default 536870911):     #默认即可
 
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 256 GiB.
 
Command (m for help): w    #这里输入w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

3）查看新的分区：运行命令 fdisk -l。如果出现以下信息，说明已经成功创建了新分区

[root@prtg ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x508858de
 
Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *        2048 19920511 19918464  9.5G 83 Linux
/dev/vda2       19920512 20969087  1048576  512M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
 
 
Disk /dev/sda: 256 GiB, 274877906944 bytes, 536870912 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xb12d8bec
 
Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda2        2048 536870911 536868864  256G 83 Linux

4）查看数据块编号(开通邮件里也有)

ls /dev/disk/by-id/

执行命令效果：

[root@prtg ~]# ls /dev/disk/by-id/
ata-QEMU_DVD-ROM_QM00004  scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898

假设看到的结果是scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898，那么2898就是数据块的id，或者后台也能直接看到。

5）格式化

分区创建好之后，就需要格式化分区了，命令如下：

mkfs.ext4 -F /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898

6）创建文件夹

创建挂载的文件夹。因为用宝塔，所以就挂载www目录了。

mkdir /www

7）挂载

挂载到www下面，当然你可以挂载到别的文件夹，这里就是以www为例。注意，如果这个目录有文件，那么文件都会被清除。

mount -o discard,defaults /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898 /www

8）设置开机/重启自动挂载

echo '/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898 /www ext4 defaults,nofail,discard 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

9）如果出现错误：mkfs: failed to execute mkfs.ext4: No such file or directory

解决方法如下，因为需要安装e4fsprogs，Centos下安装命令如下：

yum install e4fsprogs -y

执行完成之后，就可以执行：mkfs.ext4 -F /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0BUYVM_SLAB_VOLUME-2898

10）最后执行命令df -h就可以看到硬盘已经挂载好了。

[root@prtg ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        224M     0  224M   0% /dev
tmpfs           239M     0  239M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           239M  6.4M  233M   3% /run
tmpfs           239M     0  239M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1       9.3G  893M  8.0G  10% /
tmpfs            48M     0   48M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sda        251G   61M  239G   1% /www